Marxism Marxism Marxism is a way of understanding society, history, and culture that was developed mainly by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels in the nineteenth century. As explained in Beginning Theory, Marxism starts from a very simple but powerful idea: human society is shaped mainly by economic con...
Deleuze and Guattari’s “What Is a Minor Literature?” Deleuze and Guattari’s “What Is a Minor Literature?” Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari’s essay “What Is a Minor Literature?” is one of the most influential texts in modern literary theory. It appears in their book Kafka: Toward a Minor Literature ...
Fredric Jameson’s Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism Fredric Jameson’s Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism Fredric Jameson’s book Postmodernism, or, The Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism is one of the most important and influential works on postmodern cultu...
Raymond Williams and “Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory” Raymond Williams and “Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory” Raymond Williams’s essay “Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory” is one of the most important works in modern cultural studies and Marxist ...
Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception The essay “The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception” is one of the most influential and challenging texts w...